The RAW file retains all the unmodified, uncompressed data captured by the camera sensor to produce a viewable image. RAW Image File Preserves the Highest Possible Quality of Your Photo The quantity of data is astronomical compared to JPEG, and none of it is soldered. The main advantage of RAW image files is the amount of information they give and how they give it. Each of them has to be independently supported by your post-processing software for you to manipulate the image. Nikon has NEF and NRW, Canon has CRW, CR2, and CR3, and Sony has ARW and SRF, to name a few. Every camera brand has its proprietary RAW format. This process is non-destructive, and each step is reversible. RAW image files, however, can be digitally “developed” over and over again. After that, it will be physically and irreversibly transformed. You can only develop exposed celluloid film once. That said, RAW has one significant difference from exposed celluloid film. So, RAW datasets are more comparable to exposed but undeveloped film than negatives. This information must first be electronically “developed “ for you or anyone else to see the actual image. That includes radiometric elements of the scene, like physical information about light intensity and color. In other words, the RAW file carries all the information that the camera sensor captured. This data is composed of separate elements but can be manipulated as a unit by your computer using compatible software. RAW image files are merely a collection of image-related sets of data. RAW image files are often mistakenly characterized as “digital negatives.” In reality, they are neither negatives nor images. Almost all cameras allow you to tweak compression rates by adjusting the related settings, but only to a certain extent. The higher the compression, the smaller the file size, but the lower the image quality. The result is an image that takes up a lot less digital real estate on your memory card. So, when shooting JPEG, data from your camera’s sensor is processed and compressed before it gets saved on the memory card. JPEG images are saved using lossy compression in which unnecessary information is discarded. Since then, it’s by far the most widely used digital image format. It’s an organization that standardized the JPEG file format during the 90s. JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group. To understand the debate, let’s first look at both file formats in more detail. Both have advantages and disadvantages, so photographers often debate which is better. Most digital cameras provide you with options to shoot either JPEG or RAW.
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